Norway Spruce

Latin name: Picea abies

Etymology: The genus name is thought to be derived from the Latin word for ‘pitch’ (pix) and refers to the sticky resin that is found on the tree's bark. The species name is derived from abed the Latin name for the silver fir.

Family: Pinaceae (Pines)

Origin: Northern, central and Eastern Europe

Native habitats: Pure or mixed stand moist forests, lowlands, or mountains

This small grove of trees was most likely planted by the Veblens to ornament this stream crossing.

Description: Norway spruce have a height of between 60-90 feet and a diameter of 1-2 feet. Leaves are dark green 4-sided needles that are sharp and stiff. They measure between 0.5-1 inch and are arranged in rows on the branch. The mature bark is purplish, green, or silvery-brown and flaky/scaly. The twigs and branches hang downward. Fruits are hanging cones that are greenish to violet when young, becoming  silvery-brown as they mature. They measure 4 to 6 inches long and 1 to 2 inches in diameter and have scales with a blunt point and rounded tips.

Similar species: This is the only spruce in this area with drooping branches and large cones.

Wildlife value: Seeds are eaten by a range of mammals and birds.

Uses: In times of food shortage, the inner bark of spruces used to be ground and added to flour.The tree is used for paper pulp or timber and is valuable for sounding boards in pianos. It is also a popular Christmas tree. Herbal teas are made from leafy twigs.